5th JULY 2025 ENGLISH TNPSC CURRENT AFFAIRS PDF TNPSC SHOUTERS
5,000-year-old city discovered in Peru
- Archaeologists have discovered a 3,500-year-old city in Peru. Drone footage has revealed the ancient city, with houses and buildings built of mud and stones, hidden 1,970 feet above sea level.
- Researchers believe the site may have been a trading center connecting the Pacific coast, the Andes and the Amazon. The city, called Benico in the state of Paracas, is believed to have been built between 1200 and 1500 BC.
- The site is seen as a continuation of the Caral Sub-civilization, the oldest in the Americas, which dates back 5,000 years. The Caral civilization, which dates back 5,000 years, is considered to be a contemporary civilization with 32 structures dating back to the civilizations of Egypt, India, Sumeria and China.
- Researchers are continuing their research at Benico. While experts believe that the Karelian civilization may have been destroyed by natural disasters, archaeologists believe that this newly discovered ancient city will unlock many mysteries.
- Union Home Minister and Minister for Cooperation Shri Amit Shah today performed the Bhoomi Puja of the country's first cooperative university, 'Triphuvan' Sahkari University, in Anand, Gujarat. Gujarat Chief Minister Shri Bhupendrabhai Patel, Secretary, Ministry of Cooperation Dr. Ashish Kumar Bhutani and many other dignitaries were present on the occasion.
- The foundation stone of India's first cooperative university, "Triphuvan" Sahkari University, has been laid. The university campus, spread over an area of 125 acres, will be built at a cost of Rs. 500 crore.
- The PMI, an index of manufacturing activity, fell from 57.8 in June to 57.7 in July. However, the PMI, which increased to 58.6 in August, fell again to 57.5 in September. It fell further to 55.5 in October. This is the lowest PMI number seen in the last 8 months.
- The PMI, which had been experiencing a continuous decline, increased to 56 in November. Then in December, the PMI fell to 54.9, the lowest in 18 months. The PMI, which increased to 56.5 in January and 56.9 in February, was 56.4 in March. It then increased to 58.2 in April and then fell to 57.6 in May.
- Meanwhile, the PMI index for manufacturing activities fell to 58.4 in June. This is the highest PMI number in the last 14 months.
- With this, the PMI index for the manufacturing sector has been above the neutral threshold of 50 for the 48th consecutive month. If the index is above 50, it indicates a healthy trend in the manufacturing sector, and if it is below 50, it indicates a setback.
- The report stated that the emergence of new demand for manufactured goods in June and the increase in employment in the sector to an unprecedented level played a major role in recording the PMI for the sector’s unprecedented growth.
- Prime Minister Modi has arrived in the African country of Ghana on a two-day visit and from there he went to the Caribbean island country of Trinidad and Tobago. Modi was given a rousing welcome there.
- Prime Minister Modi was also given a traditional parade and military honors there. This is considered the first time that an Indian Prime Minister has visited Trinidad and Tobago since 1999. Prime Minister Modi addressed a large gathering of Indians in Goa. It is noteworthy that 45 percent of Trinidad and Tobago's population of about 1.3 million is of Indian origin.
- The event was attended by more than 4,000 people, including the country's Prime Minister and Indian-origin Kamala Persad Bisesar, ministers, MPs and high-ranking officials. He presented the holy Kumbh Mela water he had brought to the country's Prime Minister Kamala.
- Prime Minister Modi, who was on a 2-day visit to Trinidad and Tobago, was awarded the country's highest civilian award, 'The Order of the Republic of Trinidad and Tobago'.
