|
Gland
|
Hormone
|
Functions
|
|
Hypothalamus
|
Releasing and inhibiting
hormones and factors
Posterior pituitary hormones produced here
|
Control of another pituitary
hormones
|
|
Posterior pituitary gland
|
Receives hormones from
hypothalamus no hormones synthesised here
stores and secretes the following:
Oxytocin
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) (vasopressin)
|
Ejection of milk from mammary
gland, contraction of uterus during birth
Reduction of urine secretion by kidney
|
|
Anterior pituitary gland
|
Follicle stimulating hormone
(FSH)
Luteinising hormone (LH)
Prolactin
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
Adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH or corticotrophin)
Growth hormone (GH)
|
In male, stimulate
spermatogenesis
In female, growth of ovarian follicles
In male testosterone secretion
In female secretion of oestrogen and progesterone, ovulation and
maintenance of corpus luteum
Stimulates milk production and secretion
Synthesis and secretion of thyroid hormones growth of thyroid glands.
Synthesis and secretion of adrenal cortex hormones growth of gland
Protein synthesis, growth, especially of bone of limbs
|
|
Parathyroid gland
|
Parathormone
|
Increases blood calcium level
Decreases blood phosphate level
|
|
Thyroid gland
|
Triiodothyronine (T3)and
thyroxine (T4)
Calcitonin
|
Regulation of basal metabolic
rate, growth and development
Decreases blood calcium level
|
|
Adrenal cortex
|
Glucocorticoids (cortisol)
Mineralocorticoids (aldosterone)
|
Protein breakdown,
glucose/glycogen synthesis,adaptation to stress, anti-inflammatory/allergy
effects
Na+ retention in kidney, Na+ and K+ ratios in extracellular and
intracellular fluids, raises blood pressure
|
|
Adrenal medulla
|
Adrenaline (epinephrine)
Noradrenaline (norepinephrine)
|
Increase rate and force of
heartbeat, constriction of skin and gut capillaries
Dilation of arterioles of heart and skeletal muscles, raising blood glucose
level
General constriction of small arteries, raising of blood pressure
|
|
Islets of Langerhans
|
Insulin (beta cells)
Glucagon (alpha cells)
|
Decreases blood glucose level,
increases glucose and amino acid uptake and utilisation by cells
Increases blood glucose level, breakdown of glucogen to glucose in liver
|
|
stomach
Duodenum
|
Gastrin
Secretin
Cholecystokinin (Pancreozymin)
|
Secretion of gastric juices
Secretion of pancreatic juice
Inhibits gastric secretion
Emptying of gall bladder and release of pancreatic juice in to duodenum
|
|
Kidney
Ovary
|
Renin
Oestrogens(17 Beta-oestradiol)
Progesterone
|
Conversion of angiotensinogen
into angiotensin
Female secondary sex characteristics, oestrous cycle
Gestation, inhibition of ovulation
|
|
Corpus luteum
|
Progesterone and oestrogen
Progesterone ans oestrogen
|
Growth and development of uterus
Foetal development
|
|
Placenta
|
Chorionic gonadotrophin
Human placental lactogen
|
Maintenance of corpus luteum
Stimulates mammary growth
|
|
Testis
|
Testosterone
|
Male secondary sexual
characteristics
|
